The 3rd International Conference on
Water Resource and Environment (WRE 2017)
Water Resource and Environment (WRE 2017)
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Prof. Walter W. Loo Environment & Technology Services, Hong Kong & USA Chief Technology Scientist of Sino-Afraica Development Fund Ambassador of Peace (IAEWP, UN NGO) |
| Speech Title: 21st Century Sustainable Nano Bubble Water Uses Abstract: Nano bubble water can be defined as ultra-fine air bubble in suspension in water under one atmospheric pressure and 25 degree C. This phenomenon was discovered over 10 years ago but its use was limited to aquaculture. It is of limited use because there is no equipment that can produce large quantity. The major breakthrough occurred around 2007 when the first mechanical equipment (pressurization) was invented that can produce 400 tons per day of these nano bubbles with 15 to 20 mg/l DO (dissolved oxygen) for remediation of urban wastewater in black stinking polluted waterways with high COD and bacteria counts. Normal DO under 1 atmospheric pressure and 25 degree C will not exceed Subsequently, it was discovered that through magnetization that water can contain some nano bubble but seldom exist exceed 13 mg/l DO. In 2015, another method of creating nano bubble water by advanced electrolysis can maintain the DO level between 15 to 20 mg/l. In late 2015, we have discovered that through combination of magnetization, pressurizationand electrolysis that we can produce nano bubbles with high concentration of DO, dissolved NO, dissolved nitrogen and also dissolved carbon dioxide at levels in 1000s of mg/l. This has led to research of its economical uses in remediation of soil and water with high COD, increase in agricultural crop yield and many other medical uses with high dissolved levels in oxygen, nitrogen, nitric oxide and carbon dioxide under one atmospheric pressure and at 25 degree C. These initial discoveries have led to multiple field trials in soil and water remediation, organic vegetable and fruit growth and production and many medical applications in oxygen deficiency diseases (AID-HIV, cancer, diabetes etc). This paper will present many results of these successful field trials in very diverse geographic regions. The economics of water remediation uses are generally less than US$1 per ton of polluted water with COD less than 300 mg/l. Crop yield value GDP can exceed 500% per unit area can revolutionize farming in the 21st Century. Many untreatable diseases and illness that cause health impairment can be treated with levels below existing MSDS requirements way below existing medical costs by just drinking nano bubble water. In late 2016 and early 2017, Republic of Madagascar decided to adopt the use of nano bubble water as part of their vital development plan to support the One Belt One Road and the Sino-Africa Forum programs which pledge to meet the 2030 Agenda, Paris Climate Accord standards. | |
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Prof. Isen Wang Principal Hydrogeologist, Environment & Technology Services, Hong Kong & USA |
| Speech Title: Dioxins Abatement of Incinerator Air Emission and Toxic Smog Air Management Abstract: The problem of incinerator compliance is the strict emission standards of toxic dioxins at less than 0.1 nano-gram per cubic meter of air emission. There are 2 effective emission abatement methods; soil or ground injection and nano-oxygen bubble air in spray mist countering the off gas emission respectively. Injection of dioxins containing off gas emission into shallow dry ground well (less than 30 meters deep) and relying on the effective porosity of the soil and clay minerals in the ground to adsorb the dioxins and other air pollutants. It is a very cost effective method. The polluted soil can then be remediated in-situ by combination electro-biochemical oxidation at less than $20 per ton of polluted soil. This is a no open air emission method. Also, electric arc carbon incinerators can be powered by clean 4 dimensional thermal solar energy system which are mobile and without fossil fuel burning. Another dioxins air emission control is to counter the off gas emission by spraying nano oxygen bubble containing water in spray mist form. The oxygen in nano oxygen bubbles has very high oxidation potential and stable (better than hydrogen peroxide and less than hydroxyl radicals). It is a very cost effective method to generate large scale nano oxygen bubbles water. The equipment that can generate large quantities of nano bubble water was invented in 2008 and remediated 6 kilometers long black stinking Kaohsiung River in less than 2 months. Subsequently, many polluted ponds and waterways were cleaned up by this type of water. The nano bubble water has numerous other uses in agriculture, cosmetics and medicine. The burning of fossil fuels create the toxic smog syndrome with highly unhealthy PM 2.5 particulates which can penetrate into our respiratory system and cause cancerous cell growth. The most effective measure is not burning fossil fuels. New thermal solar energy systems are more cost effect than fossil fuel power generation. A passive abatement method is to inject large volume of toxic smog into shallow dry wells just like mentioning above. The natural soil pore space and clayey minerals are excellent absorbents. The injected air can then be extracted as clean air and directed into highrise buildings or homes ventilation systems without the unhealthy PM 2.5 particulates. The air can then re-enter the atmosphere as clean air without harmful particulates. The same can apply to various industrial air pollution sources. | |
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Prof. QJ Wang Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia |
| Speech Title: Advances in Seasonal Streamflow Forecasting Abstract:Each month, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology issues operational seasonal streamflow forecasts of total water volumes for three months ahead for over 200 locations across Australia (http://www.bom.gov.au/water/ssf/). The forecasts are created using modelling approaches developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and other partners. Forecasts of seasonal streamflow can inform tactical management of water resources, allowing water users and managers to plan operational water management decisions and assess the risks of alternative water use and management strategies. Forecasting streamflow over the next month, season and multiple seasons is a challenging task, because the predictability of climate over these forecast horizons is low. On the other hand, initial conditions of soil moisture, groundwater and other water stores in a catchment can have some relatively predictable effects on streamflow months ahead. State-of-the-art forecasting methods aim to (1) quantitatively capture, as much as possible, both sources of streamflow predictability and (2) statistically represent the remaining predictive uncertainty in a reliable manner. In this presentation, I will give an overview of scientific approaches for seasonal streamflow forecasting, research progress made in Australia in improving the skill and statistical reliability of ensemble forecasts, and the HEPEX (https://hepex.irstea.fr/) international testbed initiative. I will also share Australian experience in using seasonal streamflow forecasts for water management. | |
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Prof. Yucheng Feng Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, AL, USA |
| Speech Title: Survival of Bacteroidales in Stream Water and Sediment Abstract:Amplification of host-associated gene fragments of fecal Bacteroidales using quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a widely used approach for fecal source identification. Since PCR cannot discriminate between DNA derived from live and dead cells, PCR-based methods may overestimate fecal Bacteroidales populations in the environment. This can be addressed by using propidium monoazide (PMA) as a DNA intercalating agent to differentiate DNA from live and dead cells. In this study, PMA-assisted qPCR was used to determine the survival of viable Bacteroidales in stream water and sediment microcosms spiked with sewage samples. About 50% of the total Bacteroidales in the sewage can be attributed to dead cells or extracellular DNA. Microcosm experiments revealed that the persistence time for total viable Bacteroidales, as measured by the time to decline by 99%, was about 2 days in stream water and 5 days in sediment. In contrast, the persistence time for E. coli was about 5 days in stream water and 19 days in sediment. Our results suggest that detection of Bacteroidales by PMA-assisted qPCR provides information about recent fecal pollution in surface waters. | |
